Pulmonary Fibrosis
Overview
Pulmonary fibrosis is a condition that leads to irreversible scarring of the lungs. The most common type of pulmonary fibrosis is called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and it has no known cause. The prevalence of IPF increases with age and it is more common in men.
Causes
- Idiopathic (unknown cause)
- Radiation (radiation treatment to chest)
- Medications (amiodarone, chemotherapy)
- Environmental (exposure to mold, hypersensitivity pneumonitis)
- Autoimmune (rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma)
- Occupational (exposure to asbestos, silica, coal)
- Hereditary
Risk Factors
- Cigarette smoking
- Acid reflux
- Exposure to stone, metal, organic dusts
Symptoms
- Dry cough
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Aching joints and muscles
- Clubbing (rounding of fingers and toes)
- Weight loss
Diagnosis
- History and physical examination
- Labs (ANA, HS screen, RF)
- Pulmonary function test
- Six minute walk test
- CT Scan of chest
- Lung biopsy
Treatment
- Supplemental oxygen
- Medications (Ofev, Esbriet)
- Prevention and treatment of acid reflux
- Smoking cessation
- Pulmonary rehabilitation
- Lung transplant
Patient education and resources
Understanding Pulmonary Fibrosis
Chest Foundation - Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pulmonaryfibrosis.org