Overview
Interstitial lung disease describes a wide variety of disorders that can lead to progressive scarring of the lungs. Interstitial lung disease can be caused by long-term exposure to hazardous materials as well as autoimmune disease
Often, the cause of interstitial lung disease is unknown. Patients who smoke, vape or exposed to environmental or occupational pollutants are at higher risk of developing interstitial lung disease. Interstitial lung disease can be reversible if caught early.
Causes
- Connective tissue disease (Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus, Scleroderma)
- Sarcoidosis
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- Occupational exposure (Asbestos, Silica, Beryllium)
- Medications (Amiodarone, Methotrexate)
- Radiation
Symptoms
- Shortness of breath at rest or exertion
- Dry, hacking cough
- Fatigue
- Chest discomfort
Diagnosis
- History and physical
- Pulmonary function test
- Image test (Chest x-ray, CT scan)
- Blood test
- Bronchoscopy
- Biopsy
Treatment
- Steroids
- Anti-fibrotic (Ofev, Esbriet) and cytotoxic drugs (Cyclophosphamide)
- Treatment of acid reflux
- Oxygen
- Pulmonary rehabilitation
- Lung transplant
Patient Education and Resources
Autoimmune.org
Scleroderma.org
Thelamfoundation.org
Stopsarcoidosis.org
Inspire.com
Esbriet.com
Ofev.com
Myast.org